The worm fern – its effectiveness against snails is probably just as little known as the processes involved in its reproduction. A generational change is crucial here.
How does generational change work in the worm fern?
The change of generation in the worm fern refers to the change between asexual reproduction (first generation), in which spores emerge from spore capsules and germinate, and sexual reproduction (second generation), in which new fern plants develop from fertilized egg cells. This process takes approximately 1 year.
The worm fern and the cycle of its development
All ferns go through a cycle in their development. So does the worm fern. It is one of the vascular spore plants that reproduce not by seeds but by spores. The spores of the worm fern are located on the underside of its fronds. They usually ripen over the summer. They represent the beginning of the generational change
What does generational change mean?
This term means that sexual and asexual reproduction alternate from one generation to the next generation. This is necessary for new fern plants to emerge. This process usually takes around 1 year.
The first generation
The (pre)germ is formed in the first generation. It contains seeds that house male and female cells. But from the beginning:
- 1. Spore capsules are created
- 2. ripen in summer
- 3. tear open and throw their spores onto the earth
- 4. After many weeks and warm, humid conditions, the spores germinate
- 5. Pre-germ can be recognized by a greenish coating
The second generation
The male and female sex cells develop on the greenish coating. Now the second generation begins, sexual reproduction or fertilization. It is important that it is moist and shady. Then the male genitals can easily swim to the female genitals, the eggs. After fertilization, new fern plants emerge.
Taking reproduction into your own hands
You can also take propagation into your own hands. All you need is a frond of a worm fern that is covered with ripe spore capsules. Cut this frond and place it on paper. After the spores have fallen off, you can sow them in moist soil.
Tips & Tricks
Patient is required for this propagation. It usually takes up to 1 year for the spores to form new fern plants. If you want to propagate your worm ferns, prefer other methods.
